Oracle数据库删除undo表空间遇到ORA-30013及ORA-01548的解决方案

[p=24, null, left][color=rgb(85, 85, 85)][font=Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif][转载]今天在一套RAC环境下删除、切换其中一个实例的undo表空间时，遭遇ORA-30013及ORA-01548的错误，下面记录过程及解决方法。[p=24, null, left]
1 创建新的UNDO表空间UNDOTBS3，并将当前实例的UNDO切换到UNDOTBS3之后，删除旧的UNDOTBS1时，遇到下述错误：SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents anddatafiles;drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles*ERROR at line 1:ORA-30013: undo tablespace 'UNDOTBS1' is currently in use
2 从上可以看到UNDOTBS1目前正在被使用。查询MetaLink,Unable to Drop Undo TablespaceORA-30013 [ID 835944.1]获取基本思路，依据该文档给出的提示，执行下述命令：SQL> select segment_name,owner,tablespace_name,statusfrom dba_rollback_segs 2 where tablespace_name='UNDOTBS1' and status ='ONLINE'; SEGMENT_NAME OWNER TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS---------------- ------ ------------------ ---------_SYSSMU2$ PUBLICUNDOTBS1 ONLINE_SYSSMU3$ PUBLIC UNDOTBS1 ONLINE_SYSSMU6$ PUBLIC UNDOTBS1 ONLINE_SYSSMU8$ PUBLIC UNDOTBS1 ONLINESQL> SELECT KTUXEUSN, KTUXESLT, KTUXESQN, /*Transaction ID */ KTUXESTA Status, 2 KTUXECFL Flags FROM x$ktuxe WHEREktuxesta!='INACTIVE'; KTUXEUSN KTUXESLT KTUXESQN STATUS FLAGS---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- 2 38 583286 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 3 29 982959 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 6 14 945326 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 8 7 957413 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 13 19 507098 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|EXTDTXSQL> select local_tran_id, state from dba_2pc_pending;LOCAL_TRAN_ID STATE---------------------- ----------------14.28.100017 collecting2.38.583286 prepared8.7.957413 prepared3.29.982959 prepared6.14.945326 prepared13.19.507098 prepared6 rows selected.
3 从上步的结果，结合文档ID 835944.1，基本上可以找到问题的原因：当前数据库中有未结束的分布式事务，而这些未结束的分布式事务占用了UNDOTBS1，最终导致不能删除UNDOTBS1。 文档ID 835944.1给出的解决方案是结束掉这些分布式事务。MetaLink上给出的思路是参照 Note 401302.1文档，而不凑巧的是，现在这篇文档无法查看，不得已，尝试重启数据库并删除UNDOTBS1。 重启之后，alert日志里看到如下错误信息：*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$BACKGROUND) 2012-02-10 11:27:15.527*** SESSION ID:(431.1) 2012-02-10 11:27:15.527*** 2012-02-10 11:27:15.527ERROR, tran=14.28.100017, session#=1, ose=0:ORA-02019: connection description for remote database notfoundORA-02019: connection description for remote database notfound*** 2012-02-10 11:27:50.676ERROR, tran=14.28.100017, session#=1, ose=0:ORA-02019: connection description for remote database notfoundORA-02019: connection description for remote database notfound*** 2012-02-10 11:28:42.707ERROR, tran=14.28.100017, session#=1, ose=0:ORA-02019: connection description for remote database notfoundORA-02019: connection description for remote database notfound
尝试再次删除UNDOTBS1：SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents anddatafiles;drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01548: active rollback segment '_SYSSMU2$' found,terminate dropping tablespace
这次报出ORA-01548的错误！！！原来还是分布式事务未提交导致的：SQL> SELECT KTUXEUSN, KTUXESLT, KTUXESQN, /*Transaction ID */ KTUXESTA Status, 2 KTUXECFL Flags FROM x$ktuxe WHEREktuxesta!='INACTIVE'; KTUXEUSN KTUXESLT KTUXESQN STATUS FLAGS---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- 2 38 583286 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 3 29 982959 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 6 14 945326 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 8 7 957413 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 13 19 507098 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|EXTDTXSQL> select local_tran_id, state from dba_2pc_pending;LOCAL_TRAN_ID STATE---------------------- ----------------14.28.100017 collecting2.38.583286 prepared8.7.957413 prepared3.29.982959 prepared6.14.945326 prepared13.19.507098 prepared6 rows selected.SQL>
4 继续MetaLink：ORA-1548 Dropping UNDO Tablespace DistributedTransaction Pending:Prepared / Dead [ID 1321093.1]根据该文档，执行下述命令：SQL> Selectsegment_id,segment_name,status,tablespace_name 2 from dba_rollback_segs where status not in('ONLINE','OFFLINE'); SEGMENT_ID SEGMENT_NAME STATUS TABLESPACE_NAME---------- ---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ 2_SYSSMU2$ PARTLY AVAILABLE UNDOTBS1 3_SYSSMU3$ PARTLYAVAILABLE UNDOTBS1 6_SYSSMU6$ PARTLYAVAILABLE UNDOTBS1 8_SYSSMU8$ PARTLYAVAILABLE UNDOTBS1SQL>
You find you have segments that are'Partly Available' This usually means they still have active transactionspending and you can not drop the tablespace until the transaction is committedor rolled back. 当回滚段状态为Partly Available时，说明还是有事务没结束！！！SQL> SELECT KTUXEUSN, KTUXESLT, KTUXESQN, /*Transaction ID */ 2 KTUXESTA Status, 3 KTUXECFL Flags 4 FROM x$ktuxe 5 WHERE ktuxesta!='INACTIVE' 6 AND ktuxeusn 7 in(2,3,6,8); KTUXEUSN KTUXESLT KTUXESQN STATUS FLAGS---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- 2 38 583286 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 3 29 982959 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 6 14 945326 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTX 8 7 957413 PREPARED SCO|COL|REV|DEAD|EXTDTXSQL> select local_tran_id, state from dba_2pc_pending; LOCAL_TRAN_ID STATE---------------------- ----------------14.28.100017 collecting2.38.583286 prepared8.7.957413 prepared3.29.982959 prepared6.14.945326 prepared13.19.507098 prepared 6 rows selected. SQL>
通过上面的结果，看到2、3、6、8号回滚段上有活动的事务。该文档依然指出解决方案是查看Note 401302.1文档，而该文档又无法打开，不得已Google之，参照 http://blog.itpub.net/post/38439/477038]http://blog.itpub.net/post/38439/477038 获得解决问题的最终方法。 5 根据http://blog.itpub.net/post/38439/477038]http://blog.itpub.net/post/38439/477038 直接强制提交这些活动的分布式事务：SQL> select local_tran_id, state from dba_2pc_pending; LOCAL_TRAN_ID STATE---------------------- ----------------14.28.100017 collecting2.38.583286 prepared8.7.957413 prepared3.29.982959 prepared6.14.945326 prepared13.19.507098 prepared 6 rows selected. SQL> commit force '2.38.583286'; Commit complete. SQL> select local_tran_id, state from dba_2pc_pending; LOCAL_TRAN_ID STATE---------------------- ----------------14.28.100017 collecting2.38.583286 forced commit8.7.957413 prepared3.29.982959 prepared6.14.945326 prepared13.19.507098 prepared 6 rows selected. SQL> commit force '8.7.957413'; Commit complete. SQL> commit force '3.29.982959'; Commit complete. SQL> commit force '6.14.945326'; Commit complete. SQL> commit force '13.19.507098'; Commit complete. SQL> select local_tran_id, state from dba_2pc_pending; LOCAL_TRAN_ID STATE---------------------- ----------------14.28.100017 collecting2.38.583286 forced commit8.7.957413 forced commit3.29.982959 forced commit6.14.945326 forced commit13.19.507098 forced commit 6 rows selected. SQL> Selectsegment_id,segment_name,status,tablespace_name 2 from dba_rollback_segs where status not in('ONLINE','OFFLINE'); no rows selected SQL> SELECT KTUXEUSN, KTUXESLT, KTUXESQN, /*Transaction ID */ 2 KTUXESTA Status, 3 KTUXECFL Flags 4 FROM x$ktuxe 5 WHERE ktuxesta!='INACTIVE' 6 AND ktuxeusn 7 in(2,3,6,8); no rows selected SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents anddatafiles; Tablespace dropped. SQL>
6 终于干掉了那个旧的UNDO，而此时，alert日志里的信息如下：Fri Feb 10 15:08:16 CST 2012DISTRIB TRAN44444444.D7D4863A714B974489CD48496956271900000000 is local tran2.38.583286 (hex=02.26.8e676) change pendingprepared tran, scn=125560421 (hex=0.077be665) to pending forced commit tran, scn=(hex=0.00000000) Fri Feb 10 15:08:56 CST 2012DISTRIB TRAN44444444.D88A6D59B486E44D8BAD8DABFDCF289C00000000 is local tran8.7.957413 (hex=08.07.e9be5) change pendingprepared tran, scn=194136242 (hex=0.0b9248b2) to pending forced commit tran, scn=(hex=0.00000000) Fri Feb 10 15:09:08 CST 2012DISTRIB TRAN44444444.4A67F0F3F3EA464081883577EE646AAB00000000 is local tran3.29.982959 (hex=03.1d.effaf) change pendingprepared tran, scn=195270309 (hex=0.0ba396a5) to pending forced commit tran, scn=(hex=0.00000000) Fri Feb 10 15:09:20 CST 2012DISTRIB TRAN44444444.97CB87A6BAE9E943B761C9C7FDA9844600000000 is local tran6.14.945326 (hex=06.0e.e6cae) change pendingprepared tran, scn=196753377 (hex=0.0bba37e1) to pending forced commit tran, scn=(hex=0.00000000) Fri Feb 10 15:09:36 CST 2012DISTRIB TRAN44444444.192AEFF6D316B2468F5D74FE5EBDC9EC00000000 is local tran13.19.507098 (hex=0d.13.7bcda) change pendingprepared tran, scn=332059676 (hex=0.13cad41c) to pending forced commit tran, scn=(hex=0.00000000) Fri Feb 10 15:13:17 CST 2012drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafilesFri Feb 10 15:13:25 CST 2012Deleted Oracle managed file+ORADATA/glndb/datafile/undotbs1.261.726057859Completed: drop tablespace undotbs1 including contentsand datafiles
7 总结：对于分布式事务，目前还不是很清楚。而这个案例中涉及到的情况还有可能出现更为复杂的情况，需要深入研究一下，而我遇到的这种情况属于比较简单的。