Postgres SQL ENV

教程发布:风哥 教程分类:ITPUX技术网 更新日期:2022-02-12 浏览学习:1056

\set QUIET 1

-- formatting

\x auto

\set VERBOSITY verbose

\set ON_ERROR_ROLLBACK interactive

-- show execution times

\timing

-- limit paging

\pset pager off

-- replace nulls

\pset null 'Null'

\pset linestyle unicode

\pset border 2

-- colorize

--\set PROMPT1 '%[%033[33;1m%]%x%[%033[0m%]%[%033[1m%]%/%[%033[0m%]%R%# '

\set PROMPT1 '%[%033[1m%]%M %n@%/%R%[%033[0m%]%# '

--harolds

--\set PROMPT1 '%[%033[1m%]%M/%/%R%[%033[0m%]%# '

\set PROMPT2 '[more] %R > '

--logging

-- Use a separate history file per-database.

\set HISTFILE ~/.psql_history- :DBNAME

-- If a command is run more than once in a row, only store it once in the

-- history.

\set HISTCONTROL ignoredups

-- Autocomplete keywords (like SELECT) in upper-case, even if you started

-- typing them in lower case.

\set COMP_KEYWORD_CASE upper

-- greeting

\echo '\nThis computer is an Emerson Network Power computer (and/or it is directly connected to Emerson local area network that is the property of Emerson Network Power. It is for authorized use only. Users (authorized or unauthorized) have no explicit or implicit expectation of privacy., Any or all uses of this system and all files on this system may be intercepted, monitored, recorded, copied, audited, inspected, and disclosed to the authorized site personnel. By using this system, the user consents to such interception, monitoring, recording, copying, auditing, inspection, and disclosure at the discretion of authorized site personnel., Unauthorized or improper use of this system may result in administrative disciplinary action and civil and criminal penalties. By continuing to use this system you indicate your awareness of and consent to these terms and conditions of use. LOG OFF IMMEDIATELY if you do not agree to the conditions stated in this warning.\n'

\set clear '\\! clear;'

--helpful queries

\set uptime 'select now() - backend_start as uptime from pg_stat_activity where pid = pg_backend_pid();'

\set show_slow_queries 'SELECT (total_time / 1000 / 60) as total_minutes, (total_time/calls) as average_time, query FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY 1 DESC LIMIT 100;'

\set settings 'select name, setting,unit,context from pg_settings;'

\set conninfo 'select usename, count(*) from pg_stat_activity group by usename;'

\set activity 'select datname, pid, usename, application_name,client_addr, client_hostname, client_port, query, state from pg_stat_activity;'

\set waits 'SELECT pg_stat_activity.pid, pg_stat_activity.query, pg_stat_activity.waiting, now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start AS \"totaltime\", pg_stat_activity.backend_start FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE pg_stat_activity.query !~ \'%IDLE%\'::text AND pg_stat_activity.waiting = true;'

\set dbsize 'SELECT datname, pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size(datname)) db_size FROM pg_database ORDER BY db_size;'

\set tablesize 'SELECT nspname || \'.\' || relname AS \"relation\", pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(C.oid)) AS "size" FROM pg_class C LEFT JOIN pg_namespace N ON (N.oid = C.relnamespace) WHERE nspname NOT IN (\'pg_catalog\', \'information_schema\') ORDER BY pg_relation_size(C.oid) DESC LIMIT 40;'

\set uselesscol 'SELECT nspname, relname, attname, typname, (stanullfrac*100)::int AS null_percent, case when stadistinct >= 0 then stadistinct else abs(stadistinct)*reltuples end AS \"distinct\", case 1 when stakind1 then stavalues1 when stakind2 then stavalues2 end AS \"values\" FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_namespace ns ON (ns.oid=relnamespace) JOIN pg_attribute ON (c.oid=attrelid) JOIN pg_type t ON (t.oid=atttypid) JOIN pg_statistic ON (c.oid=starelid AND staattnum=attnum) WHERE nspname NOT LIKE E\'pg\\\\_%\' AND nspname != \'information_schema\' AND relkind=\'r\' AND NOT attisdropped AND attstattarget != 0 AND reltuples >= 100 AND stadistinct BETWEEN 0 AND 1 ORDER BY nspname, relname, attname;'

-- 4 helpful queries from radek http://radek.cc/2009/08/15/psqlrc-tricks-table-sizes/

\set trashindexes '( select s.schemaname as sch, s.relname as rel, s.indexrelname as idx, s.idx_scan as scans, pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(s.relid)) as ts, pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(s.indexrelid)) as "is" from pg_stat_user_indexes s join pg_index i on i.indexrelid=s.indexrelid left join pg_constraint c on i.indrelid=c.conrelid and array_to_string(i.indkey, '' '') = array_to_string(c.conkey, '' '') where i.indisunique is false and pg_relation_size(s.relid) > 1000000 and s.idx_scan < 100000 and c.confrelid is null order by s.idx_scan asc, pg_relation_size(s.relid) desc );' \set missingindexes '( select src_table, dst_table, fk_name, pg_size_pretty(s_size) as s_size, pg_size_pretty(d_size) as d_size, d from ( select distinct on (1,2,3,4,5) textin(regclassout(c.conrelid)) as src_table, textin(regclassout(c.confrelid)) as dst_table, c.conname as fk_name, pg_relation_size(c.conrelid) as s_size, pg_relation_size(c.confrelid) as d_size, array_upper(di.indkey::int[], 1) + 1 - array_upper(c.conkey::int[], 1) as d from pg_constraint c left join pg_index di on di.indrelid = c.conrelid and array_to_string(di.indkey, '' '') ~ (''^'' || array_to_string(c.conkey, '' '') || ''( |$)'') join pg_stat_user_tables st on st.relid = c.conrelid where c.contype = ''f'' order by 1,2,3,4,5,6 asc) mfk where mfk.d is distinct from 0 and mfk.s_size > 1000000 order by mfk.s_size desc, mfk.d desc );'

\set rtsize '(select table_schema, table_name, pg_relation_size( quote_ident( table_schema ) || \'.\' || quote_ident( table_name ) ) as size, pg_total_relation_size( quote_ident( table_schema ) || \'.\' || quote_ident( table_name ) ) as total_size from information_schema.tables where table_type = \'BASE TABLE\' and table_schema not in (\'information_schema\', \'pg_catalog\') order by pg_relation_size( quote_ident( table_schema ) || \'.\' || quote_ident( table_name ) ) desc, table_schema, table_name);'

\set tsize '(select table_schema, table_name, pg_size_pretty(size) as size, pg_size_pretty(total_size) as total_size from (:rtsize) x order by x.size desc, x.total_size desc, table_schema, table_name);'

-- Taken from https://github.com/heroku/heroku-pg-extras

-- via https://github.com/dlamotte/dotfiles/blob/master/psqlrc

\set bloat 'SELECT tablename as table_name, ROUND(CASE WHEN otta=0 THEN 0.0 ELSE sml.relpages/otta::numeric END,1) AS table_bloat, CASE WHEN relpages < otta THEN ''0'' ELSE pg_size_pretty((bs*(sml.relpages-otta)::bigint)::bigint) END AS table_waste, iname as index_name, ROUND(CASE WHEN iotta=0 OR ipages=0 THEN 0.0 ELSE ipages/iotta::numeric END,1) AS index_bloat, CASE WHEN ipages < iotta THEN ''0'' ELSE pg_size_pretty((bs*(ipages-iotta))::bigint) END AS index_waste FROM ( SELECT schemaname, tablename, cc.reltuples, cc.relpages, bs, CEIL((cc.reltuples*((datahdr+ma- (CASE WHEN datahdr%ma=0 THEN ma ELSE datahdr%ma END))+nullhdr2+4))/(bs-20::float)) AS otta, COALESCE(c2.relname,''?'') AS iname, COALESCE(c2.reltuples,0) AS ituples, COALESCE(c2.relpages,0) AS ipages, COALESCE(CEIL((c2.reltuples*(datahdr-12))/(bs-20::float)),0) AS iotta FROM ( SELECT ma,bs,schemaname,tablename, (datawidth+(hdr+ma-(case when hdr%ma=0 THEN ma ELSE hdr%ma END)))::numeric AS datahdr, (maxfracsum*(nullhdr+ma-(case when nullhdr%ma=0 THEN ma ELSE nullhdr%ma END))) AS nullhdr2 FROM ( SELECT schemaname, tablename, hdr, ma, bs, SUM((1-null_frac)*avg_width) AS datawidth, MAX(null_frac) AS maxfracsum, hdr+( SELECT 1+count(*)/8 FROM pg_stats s2 WHERE null_frac<>0 AND s2.schemaname = s.schemaname AND s2.tablename = s.tablename) AS nullhdr FROM pg_stats s, ( SELECT (SELECT current_setting(''block_size'')::numeric) AS bs, CASE WHEN substring(v,12,3) IN (''8.0'',''8.1'',''8.2'') THEN 27 ELSE 23 END AS hdr, CASE WHEN v ~ ''mingw32'' THEN 8 ELSE 4 END AS ma FROM (SELECT version() AS v) AS foo) AS constants GROUP BY 1,2,3,4,5) AS foo) AS rs JOIN pg_class cc ON cc.relname = rs.tablename JOIN pg_namespace nn ON cc.relnamespace = nn.oid AND nn.nspname = rs.schemaname AND nn.nspname <> ''information_schema'' LEFT JOIN pg_index i ON indrelid = cc.oid LEFT JOIN pg_class c2 ON c2.oid = i.indexrelid) AS sml ORDER BY CASE WHEN relpages < otta THEN 0 ELSE bs*(sml.relpages-otta)::bigint END DESC;' \set blocking 'select bl.pid as blocked_pid, ka.query as blocking_statement, now() - ka.query_start as blocking_duration, kl.pid as blocking_pid, a.query as blocked_statement, now() - a.query_start as blocked_duration from pg_catalog.pg_locks bl join pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity a on bl.pid = a.pid join pg_catalog.pg_locks kl join pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity ka on kl.pid = ka.pid on bl.transactionid = kl.transactionid and bl.pid != kl.pid where not bl.granted;' \set cache_hit 'SELECT ''index hit rate'' as name, (sum(idx_blks_hit)) / sum(idx_blks_hit + idx_blks_read) as ratio FROM pg_statio_user_indexes union all SELECT ''cache hit rate'' as name, sum(heap_blks_hit) / (sum(heap_blks_hit) + sum(heap_blks_read)) as ratio FROM pg_statio_user_tables;' \set index_size 'SELECT relname AS name, pg_size_pretty(sum(relpages*1024)) AS size FROM pg_class WHERE reltype=0 GROUP BY relname ORDER BY sum(relpages) DESC;' \set index_usage 'SELECT relname, CASE idx_scan WHEN 0 THEN ''Insufficient data'' ELSE (100 * idx_scan / (seq_scan + idx_scan))::text END percent_of_times_index_used, n_live_tup rows_in_table FROM pg_stat_user_tables ORDER BY n_live_tup DESC;' \set index_usage_adv 'SELECT * FROM (SELECT stat.relname AS table, stai.indexrelname AS index, CASE stai.idx_scan WHEN 0 THEN ''Insufficient data'' ELSE (100 * stai.idx_scan / (stat.seq_scan + stai.idx_scan))::text || ''%'' END hit_rate, CASE stat.idx_scan WHEN 0 THEN ''Insufficient data'' ELSE (100 * stat.idx_scan / (stat.seq_scan + stat.idx_scan))::text || ''%'' END all_index_hit_rate, ARRAY(SELECT pg_get_indexdef(idx.indexrelid, k + 1, true) FROM generate_subscripts(idx.indkey, 1) AS k ORDER BY k) AS cols, stat.n_live_tup rows_in_table FROM pg_stat_user_indexes AS stai JOIN pg_stat_user_tables AS stat ON stai.relid = stat.relid JOIN pg_index AS idx ON (idx.indexrelid = stai.indexrelid)) AS sub_inner ORDER BY rows_in_table DESC, hit_rate ASC;' \set locks 'select pg_stat_activity.pid, pg_class.relname, pg_locks.transactionid, pg_locks.granted, substr(pg_stat_activity.query,1,30) as query_snippet, age(now(),pg_stat_activity.query_start) as "age" from pg_stat_activity,pg_locks left outer join pg_class on (pg_locks.relation = pg_class.oid) where pg_stat_activity.query <> '''' and pg_locks.pid=pg_stat_activity.pid and pg_locks.mode = ''ExclusiveLock'' order by query_start;'

\set long_running_queries 'SELECT pid, now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start AS duration, query AS query FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE pg_stat_activity.query <> ''''::text AND now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start > interval ''5 minutes'' ORDER BY now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start DESC;'

\set ps 'select pid, application_name as source, age(now(),query_start) as running_for, waiting, query as query from pg_stat_activity where query <> '''' AND state <> ''idle'' and pid <> pg_backend_pid() order by 3 desc;'

\set seq_scans 'SELECT relname AS name, seq_scan as count FROM pg_stat_user_tables ORDER BY seq_scan DESC;'

\set total_index_size 'SELECT pg_size_pretty(sum(relpages*1024)) AS size FROM pg_class WHERE reltype=0;'

\set unused_indexes 'SELECT schemaname || ''.'' || relname AS table, indexrelname AS index, pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(i.indexrelid)) AS index_size, idx_scan as index_scans FROM pg_stat_user_indexes ui JOIN pg_index i ON ui.indexrelid = i.indexrelid WHERE NOT indisunique AND idx_scan < 50 AND pg_relation_size(relid) > 5 * 8192 ORDER BY pg_relation_size(i.indexrelid) / nullif(idx_scan, 0) DESC NULLS FIRST, pg_relation_size(i.indexrelid) DESC;'

\set missing_indexes 'SELECT relname, seq_scan-idx_scan AS too_much_seq, case when seq_scan-idx_scan > 0 THEN ''Missing Index?'' ELSE ''OK'' END, pg_relation_size(relname::regclass) AS rel_size, seq_scan, idx_scan FROM pg_stat_all_tables WHERE schemaname=''public'' AND pg_relation_size(relname::regclass) > 80000 ORDER BY too_much_seq DESC;'

-- Development queries

\set sp 'SHOW search_path;'

\set clear '\\! clear;'

\set ll '\\! ls -lrt;'

\unset QUIET

\set QUIET on
\set PROMPT1 '%[%033[30;42m%] psql %[%033[32;40m%]? %[%033[39m%]%m %[%033[37m%]%/ %[%033[30;44m%]?%[%033[30;44m%] %R %[%033[34;49m%]? %[%033[0m%]'
\set PROMPT2 '%[%033[30;42m%] psql %[%033[32;40m%]? %[%033[39m%]%m %[%033[37m%]%/ %[%033[30;44m%]?%[%033[30;44m%] %R %[%033[34;49m%]? %[%033[0m%]'
\set PROMPT3 '%[%033[30;42m%] psql %[%033[32;44m%]? %[%033[30;44m%]copy %[%033[34;49m%]? %[%033[0m%]'
\set HISTCONTROL ignoreboth
\set HISTSIZE

set search_path to deployment, public;

\set pg_bloat 'SELECT tablename as table_name, ROUND(CASE WHEN otta=0 THEN 0.0 ELSE sml.relpages/otta::numeric END,1) AS table_bloat, CASE WHEN relpages < otta THEN ''0'' ELSE pg_size_pretty((bs*(sml.relpages-otta)::bigint)::bigint) END AS table_waste, iname as index_name, ROUND(CASE WHEN iotta=0 OR ipages=0 THEN 0.0 ELSE ipages/iotta::numeric END,1) AS index_bloat, CASE WHEN ipages < iotta THEN ''0'' ELSE pg_size_pretty((bs*(ipages-iotta))::bigint) END AS index_waste FROM ( SELECT schemaname, tablename, cc.reltuples, cc.relpages, bs, CEIL((cc.reltuples*((datahdr+ma- (CASE WHEN datahdr%ma=0 THEN ma ELSE datahdr%ma END))+nullhdr2+4))/(bs-20::float)) AS otta, COALESCE(c2.relname,''?'') AS iname, COALESCE(c2.reltuples,0) AS ituples, COALESCE(c2.relpages,0) AS ipages, COALESCE(CEIL((c2.reltuples*(datahdr-12))/(bs-20::float)),0) AS iotta FROM ( SELECT ma,bs,schemaname,tablename, (datawidth+(hdr+ma-(case when hdr%ma=0 THEN ma ELSE hdr%ma END)))::numeric AS datahdr, (maxfracsum*(nullhdr+ma-(case when nullhdr%ma=0 THEN ma ELSE nullhdr%ma END))) AS nullhdr2 FROM ( SELECT schemaname, tablename, hdr, ma, bs, SUM((1-null_frac)*avg_width) AS datawidth, MAX(null_frac) AS maxfracsum, hdr+( SELECT 1+count(*)/8 FROM pg_stats s2 WHERE null_frac<>0 AND s2.schemaname = s.schemaname AND s2.tablename = s.tablename) AS nullhdr FROM pg_stats s, ( SELECT (SELECT current_setting(''block_size'')::numeric) AS bs, CASE WHEN substring(v,12,3) IN (''8.0'',''8.1'',''8.2'') THEN 27 ELSE 23 END AS hdr, CASE WHEN v ~ ''mingw32'' THEN 8 ELSE 4 END AS ma FROM (SELECT version() AS v) AS foo) AS constants GROUP BY 1,2,3,4,5) AS foo) AS rs JOIN pg_class cc ON cc.relname = rs.tablename JOIN pg_namespace nn ON cc.relnamespace = nn.oid AND nn.nspname = rs.schemaname AND nn.nspname <> ''information_schema'' LEFT JOIN pg_index i ON indrelid = cc.oid LEFT JOIN pg_class c2 ON c2.oid = i.indexrelid) AS sml ORDER BY CASE WHEN relpages < otta THEN 0 ELSE bs*(sml.relpages-otta)::bigint END DESC;' \set pg_blocking 'select kl.pid as blocking_pid, ka.query as blocking_statement, now() - ka.query_start as blocking_duration, bl.pid as blocked_pid, a.query as blocked_statement, now() - a.query_start as blocked_duration from pg_catalog.pg_locks bl join pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity a on bl.pid = a.pid join pg_catalog.pg_locks kl join pg_catalog.pg_stat_activity ka on kl.pid = ka.pid on ((bl.transactionid = kl.transactionid or (bl.relation = kl.relation and kl.fastpath is false )) and bl.pid != kl.pid) where not bl.granted;' \set pg_buffers 'SELECT c.relname, pg_size_pretty(count(*) * current_setting(''block_size'')::bigint) as buffered, round(100.0 * count(*) / (SELECT setting FROM pg_settings WHERE name=''shared_buffers'')::integer,1) AS buffers_percent, round(100.0 * count(*) * current_setting(''block_size'')::bigint / pg_relation_size(c.oid),1) AS percent_of_relation FROM pg_class c INNER JOIN pg_buffercache b ON b.relfilenode = c.relfilenode INNER JOIN pg_database d ON (b.reldatabase = d.oid AND d.datname = current_database()) GROUP BY c.oid, c.relname ORDER BY 3 DESC LIMIT 20;' \set pg_buffers_ideal 'SELECT pg_size_pretty(count(*) * current_setting(''block_size'')::bigint) as ideal_shared_buffers FROM pg_buffercache b WHERE usagecount >= 3;'
\set pg_cache_hit 'SELECT ''index hit rate'' as name, (sum(idx_blks_hit)) / sum(idx_blks_hit + idx_blks_read) as ratio FROM pg_statio_user_indexes union all SELECT ''cache hit rate'' as name, sum(heap_blks_hit) / (sum(heap_blks_hit) + sum(heap_blks_read)) as ratio FROM pg_statio_user_tables;'
\set pg_index_size 'SELECT relname AS name, pg_size_pretty(sum(relpages::bigint*current_setting(''block_size'')::bigint)::bigint) AS size FROM pg_class WHERE reltype=0 GROUP BY relname ORDER BY sum(relpages) DESC;'
\set pg_index_usage 'SELECT relname, CASE idx_scan WHEN 0 THEN ''Insufficient data'' ELSE (100 * idx_scan / (seq_scan + idx_scan))::text END percent_of_times_index_used, n_live_tup rows_in_table FROM pg_stat_user_tables ORDER BY n_live_tup DESC;'
\set pg_locks 'select pg_stat_activity.pid, pg_class.relname, pg_locks.transactionid, pg_locks.granted, substr(pg_stat_activity.query,1,30) as query_snippet, age(now(),pg_stat_activity.query_start) as "age" from pg_stat_activity,pg_locks left outer join pg_class on (pg_locks.relation = pg_class.oid) where pg_stat_activity.query <> '''' and pg_locks.pid=pg_stat_activity.pid and pg_locks.mode = ''ExclusiveLock'' order by query_start;'
\set pg_long_running_queries 'SELECT pid, now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start AS duration, query AS query FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE pg_stat_activity.query <> ''''::text AND now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start > interval ''5 minutes'' ORDER BY now() - pg_stat_activity.query_start DESC;'
\set pg_ps 'select pid, usename as username, application_name as source, age(now(),query_start) as running_for, query as query from pg_stat_activity where query <> '''' AND state <> ''idle'' and pid <> pg_backend_pid() order by 3 desc;'
\set pg_seq_scans 'SELECT relname AS name, seq_scan as count FROM pg_stat_user_tables ORDER BY seq_scan DESC;'
\set pg_total_index_size 'SELECT pg_size_pretty(sum(relpages::bigint*current_setting(''block_size'')::bigint)::bigint) AS size FROM pg_class WHERE reltype=0;'
\set pg_unused_indexes 'SELECT schemaname || ''.'' || relname AS table, indexrelname AS index, pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(i.indexrelid)) AS index_size, idx_scan as index_scans FROM pg_stat_user_indexes ui JOIN pg_index i ON ui.indexrelid = i.indexrelid WHERE NOT indisunique AND idx_scan < 50 AND pg_relation_size(relid) > 5 * current_setting(''block_size'')::bigint ORDER BY pg_relation_size(i.indexrelid) / nullif(idx_scan, 0) DESC NULLS FIRST, pg_relation_size(i.indexrelid) DESC;'
\set pg_vacuum_stats 'WITH table_opts AS ( SELECT pg_class.oid, relname, nspname, array_to_string(reloptions, '''') AS relopts FROM pg_class INNER JOIN pg_namespace ns ON relnamespace = ns.oid), vacuum_settings AS ( SELECT oid, relname, nspname, CASE WHEN relopts LIKE ''%autovacuum_vacuum_threshold%'' THEN regexp_replace(relopts, ''.*autovacuum_vacuum_threshold=([0-9.]+).*'', E''\\\\\\1'')::integer ELSE current_setting(''autovacuum_vacuum_threshold'')::integer END AS autovacuum_vacuum_threshold, CASE WHEN relopts LIKE ''%autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor%'' THEN regexp_replace(relopts, ''.*autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor=([0-9.]+).*'', E''\\\\\\1'')::real ELSE current_setting(''autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor'')::real END AS autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor FROM table_opts) SELECT vacuum_settings.nspname AS schema, vacuum_settings.relname AS table, to_char(psut.last_vacuum, ''YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI'') AS last_vacuum, to_char(psut.last_autovacuum, ''YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI'') AS last_autovacuum, to_char(pg_class.reltuples, ''9G999G999G999'') AS rowcount, to_char(psut.n_dead_tup, ''9G999G999G999'') AS dead_rowcount, to_char(autovacuum_vacuum_threshold + (autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor::numeric * pg_class.reltuples), ''9G999G999G999'') AS autovacuum_threshold, CASE WHEN autovacuum_vacuum_threshold + (autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor::numeric * pg_class.reltuples) < psut.n_dead_tup THEN ''yes'' END AS expect_autovacuum FROM pg_stat_user_tables psut INNER JOIN pg_class ON psut.relid = pg_class.oid INNER JOIN vacuum_settings ON pg_class.oid = vacuum_settings.oid ORDER BY 1, 2;' \pset border 1 \pset footer on \pset linestyle unicode \pset null † \timing on \unset QUIET

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本文标题:Postgres SQL ENV
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